[{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.eliosvos.cz\/predkove-cloveka\/#Article","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/www.eliosvos.cz\/predkove-cloveka\/","headline":"P\u0159edkov\u00e9 \u010dlov\u011bka","name":"P\u0159edkov\u00e9 \u010dlov\u011bka","description":"Hominid\u016f jsou dva druhy \u2013 Australopithecus a Homo. V\u00fdzkum vzniku \u010dlov\u011bka a v\u00fdvoje lidsk\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti se op\u00edr\u00e1 o fosiln\u00ed n\u00e1lezy a p\u0159i z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed poznatk\u016f pom\u00e1haj\u00ed modern\u00ed metody, nap\u0159\u00edklad komparativn\u00ed biochemie. P\u0159ed 30 miliony let \u017eil na \u00fazem\u00ed dne\u0161n\u00edho Egypta lidoop (hominoid), kter\u00fd ji\u017e byl \u010dlov\u011bku vzd\u00e1len\u011b podobn\u00fd. Naz\u00fdv\u00e1 se Aegyptopithecus. O 10 milion\u016f let pozd\u011bji ... Read moreP\u0159edkov\u00e9 \u010dlov\u011bka<\/span><\/a>","datePublished":"2020-03-03","dateModified":"2023-06-06","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.eliosvos.cz\/author\/#Person","name":"","url":"https:\/\/www.eliosvos.cz\/author\/","identifier":1,"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/c192bfd1262e8256fe3eac43754b6ece89624ea6667e488d9445cc2d04372644?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/c192bfd1262e8256fe3eac43754b6ece89624ea6667e488d9445cc2d04372644?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"eliosvos.cz","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"\/logo.png","url":"\/logo.png","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/www.eliosvos.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a372693_w4365_t1584088226.png","url":"https:\/\/www.eliosvos.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a372693_w4365_t1584088226.png","height":0,"width":0},"url":"https:\/\/www.eliosvos.cz\/predkove-cloveka\/","about":["V\u011bda"],"wordCount":447,"articleBody":"Hominid\u016f jsou dva druhy \u2013 Australopithecus a Homo. V\u00fdzkum vzniku \u010dlov\u011bka a v\u00fdvoje lidsk\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti se op\u00edr\u00e1 o fosiln\u00ed n\u00e1lezy a p\u0159i z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed poznatk\u016f pom\u00e1haj\u00ed modern\u00ed metody, nap\u0159\u00edklad komparativn\u00ed biochemie.P\u0159ed 30 miliony let \u017eil na \u00fazem\u00ed dne\u0161n\u00edho Egypta lidoop (hominoid), kter\u00fd ji\u017e byl \u010dlov\u011bku vzd\u00e1len\u011b podobn\u00fd. Naz\u00fdv\u00e1 se Aegyptopithecus. O 10 milion\u016f let pozd\u011bji se v\u00a0africk\u00fdch prales\u00edch zdr\u017eoval tzv. Proconsul, co\u017e byl drobn\u00fd lidoop a nejpravd\u011bpodobn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed p\u0159edek dne\u0161n\u00edch lidoop\u016f i \u010dlov\u011bka. A p\u0159ed 10 miliony let se ve v\u00fdchodn\u00ed Africe, Evrop\u011b a Asii objevil Afropithecus \u2013 podle zub\u016f, pota\u017een\u00fdch sklovinou, se usuzuje, \u017ee se \u017eivil tvrd\u00fdmi plody, o\u0159echy a ko\u0159\u00ednky. D\u00edky pevn\u00e9 zubn\u00ed sklovin\u011b se mohl Afropithecus kvalitn\u011b stravovat a do\u017e\u00edval se tedy i vy\u0161\u0161\u00edho v\u011bku.Za prvn\u00edho hominida byl v\u011bdci ozna\u010dov\u00e1n Australopithecus anamensis, \u017eij\u00edc\u00ed v\u00a0obdob\u00ed p\u0159ed 4,2 \u2013 3,9 milion\u016f let v\u00a0Africe, byl to tvor, li\u0161\u00edc\u00ed se od hominoid\u016f vzp\u0159\u00edmenou ch\u016fz\u00ed. Jeho \u010delist se v\u0161ak lidoop\u016fm je\u0161t\u011b podobala. Av\u0161ak pozd\u011bji se v\u011bdeck\u00fd n\u00e1zor za\u010dal p\u0159ikl\u00e1n\u011bt k\u00a0tvrzen\u00ed, \u017ee skute\u010dn\u011b prvn\u00edm hominidem byl Ardipithecus ramidus, kter\u00fd ji\u017e skute\u010dn\u011b chodil vzp\u0159\u00edmen\u011b po dvou noh\u00e1ch. \u017dil v\u00a0dne\u0161n\u00ed Etiopii p\u0159ed 4,4 miliony let.P\u0159ed 4 a\u017e 3 miliony lety se v\u00a0r\u016fzn\u00fdch oblastech Afriky za\u010dal objevovat hominid Australopithecus afarensis; m\u011bl mal\u00fd mozek, dlouh\u00e9 pa\u017ee a kr\u00e1tk\u00e9 nohy. Nejstar\u0161\u00edm fosiln\u00edm n\u00e1lezem byla \u201esamice\u201c Lucy, kter\u00e1 pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b m\u011b\u0159ila jen 110 cm. \u201eSamci\u201c tohoto druhu dor\u016fstali a\u017e 150 cm. Velmi podobn\u00fd druh se objevil rovn\u011b\u017e v\u00a0Africe, a to p\u0159ed 3,5 \u2013 3 miliony lety, Australopithecus bahrelghazali. Jeho \u010delist ji\u017e \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b ustoupila a u\u017e se tolik nepodobala lidoop\u016fm. Pozd\u011bji po cel\u00e9m \u00fazem\u00ed Afriky \u017eili i dal\u0161\u00ed: Australopithecus africanus, A. garhi, A. aethiopicus, A. boisel, A. rudolfensis a Australopithecus robustus \u2013 ten m\u011bl mohutn\u00e9 stoli\u010dky, z\u00a0\u010deho\u017e se usuzuje, \u017ee byl b\u00fdlo\u017eravcem. M\u011bl v\u00fdrazn\u00e9 nado\u010dnicov\u00e9 oblouky. Asi p\u0159ed jedn\u00edm milionem let rod Australopithecus vym\u0159el. Av\u0161ak p\u0159ed 2,5 miliony lety se z\u00a0\u010deledi hominid\u016f vy\u010dlenil rod Homo (Homo rudolfensis a Homo habilis) a ten \u017eil soub\u011b\u017en\u011b s\u00a0australopitheky asi 1,5 milionu let. Homo \u2013 \u010dlov\u011bk m\u011bl ji\u017e v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed mozek, jemn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u010delisti s\u00a0men\u0161\u00edmi zuby, jin\u00e9 hlasov\u00e9 \u00fastroj\u00ed, kter\u00e9 pozd\u011bji umo\u017enilo rozvoj \u0159e\u010di. Homo habilis si ji\u017e dok\u00e1zal vyrobit nejjednodu\u0161\u0161\u00ed n\u00e1stroje. 4.9\/5 - (9 votes) "},{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"P\u0159edkov\u00e9 \u010dlov\u011bka","item":"https:\/\/www.eliosvos.cz\/predkove-cloveka\/#breadcrumbitem"}]}]